We’re used to computers performing complex tasks. Most of what we’re used to depends on the designers of the computer program having anticipated every possibility and defining precise ways for the device to perform. The field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), addresses the extension of these concepts to systems in which we cannot predict every situation that will be encountered. A robot or autonomous vehicle would be a good example of such a system.
Wikipedia has a good introduction and overview of the field that is relatively up-to-date in this rapidly changing area.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and robots and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. AI textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents"[1] where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success.[2] John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956,[3] defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."[4]
A much more extensive discussion can be found in the article “What is Artificial Intelligence” by the inventor of the term “Artificial Intelligence” John McCarthy - 2007
In the short time that we can spend in this class we’re not going to become truly knowledgeable about AI, but we can give some basic structure and address several of the major uses. Hopefully the applicability to the Intelligent building concept will be plausible.
An Introduction to AI – KQED at Stamford 2008 – 10:10min
The headings that Wikipedia uses for the topic are:
- Deduction, reasoning, problem solving
- Knowledge representation
- Planning
- Learning
- Natural language processing
- Motion and manipulation
- Perception
- Social intelligence
- Creativity
- General intelligence
Major Sub Areas
- Expert Systems – Interview with one of the originators – Edward Feigenbaum – 16:30min
- Neural Networks – Intro by a student giving an overview – 2009 – 7:49min
Current State of the Art
- Scientists See Promise in Deep-Learning Programs – NYT – 11/23/2012 – (you may need to access through the library)
- Where Artificial Intelligence Went Wrong - Critique of AI – Noam Chomsky 11/1/2012
- A Look Back at Predictive Assistants and Lurching Giants – Tom Simonite 12/25/2012 – MIT Technology review –What happened in 2012 to advance usability using AI concepts.
Predictions for the Future
- Sentient machines: the next step in human evolution – Dick Pelletier 1/8/2013 – brief look at current projects working towards that end.
- Better Than Human: Why Robots Will — And Must — Take Our Jobs – Kevin Kelly 12/24/2012 – Wired.com – A very optimistic view of what will happen as AI/Robots develop.
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